Infinitives (Lesson 1)

সপ্তম শ্রেণি (মাধ্যমিক) - English Grammar and Composition A Grammar | - | NCTB BOOK
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A. Read the following passage and look at the underlined words:

To walk early in the morning is good for health. One can get rid of various diseases by walking regularly. It is better to walk on the riverside or in the garden. The fresh air and the green plants are good for body and mind. Many people walk early in the morning to keep body and mind healthy and fresh.

[Note: These are infinitives. An infinitive is the base form of a verb but it has different functions.]

Look at the following examples and see how differently an infinitive functions:

a) To jump is fun. (noun; subject of the verb is)
b) I like to swim. (noun; direct object of the verb like)
c) She had a suggestion to offer. (adjective modifying suggestion)
d) He called to warn her. (adverb modifying the verb called)
e) We decided to travel there at night. (noun; object after a transitive verb)

Write more examples of infinitives.

[Note: the examples above are of infinitives with 'to']

Examples of infinitives without 'to':

  1. They'll meet you tomorrow. (modal + infinitive)
  2. Don't make us laugh.
  3. She let her son take his own decision.
  4. Let me conclude my opinion.

[Note: Infinitives without 'to' are called 'bare infinitives' also.]

B. Read the passage below and identify 'to+ infinitives' and 'bare infinitives':

A crow was thirsty. He was flying around to find water. The day was very hot. Water was not available anywhere. Suddenly the crow found a pitcher. He thought there might be water in the pitcher. But the water was at the bottom of the pitcher. The crow was wondering how to drink the water. As he began to look around, he saw some pebbles lying on the ground nearby. Seeing this, he thought of a way to use the pebbles to reach the water at the bottom of the pitcher. Then the crow picked up the pebbles with his beak and dropped them in the pitcher to make the water rise. Soon the water level was high enough for the crow to reach. Thus he was able to drink enough water to quench his thirst.

C. Write some sentences with infinitives with/without 'to'.

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